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 Part VI   ---   A Meeting of Minds -- cont.
 


    COCHISE'S CAMP

See also "Cochise's Camp Rediscovered"

      Sladen and Howard both describe a fairly short ride of 3 or 4 miles from the location of the initial meeting to the site of Cochise's personal camp.  The descriptions are vague enough that the exact route is impossible to trace, but it would seem logical that they followed Slavin Gulch down to a spot where they could cut through a narrow canyon (a short-cut) that would allow them to exit fairly near the campsite.  There is such a place right next to the spur on which can be found the Council Rocks site, and it appears to be passage that would be easily negotiated by seasoned mounts.  It would save about a mile of skirting around several other projecting spurs, and at least to this writer seems the most likely route.

     The exact spot that Cochise led them to is now known with certainty, after being lost to historians for over 100 years (see the section Cochise's Camp Rediscovered).  From Sladen's journal entries:
 

"It was in a recess made by projecting spurs, the mountain walls around it being broken and seamed and rugged, and the ground about scattered with broken and detached boulders and rocks.  Finding its way from the base of the cliffs, ran a beautiful stream of clear cold water; while the rich gamma grass grew up to the very edge of the walls.

"From this point the view was grand.  The ground before us sloped gradually down to the Rio [San] Pedro, some 14 or 15 miles away, rising as gradually on the other side until the sight terminated in the opposite mountain chain."

     They were now situated on the west side of the Dragoon Mountains, just south of the entrance to West Stronghold Canyon.  It is a magnificent place even now -- every bit as stark and remote as it was in 1872, with the exception of the existence of a large horse ranch just west of this spot.  The location is well removed from paved roads and though one can see Interstate 10 a few miles distant, it is far from obvious and the silence and peacefulness of the campsite is wholly preserved.

     Cochise wasted no time offering his guests what few comforts he had to share.  He took them immediately to his own quarters, described similarly by Howard and Sladen in separate recollections.
 

"They had no tents, no tepees, and only in a few instances had they troubled themselves to construct the usual wickiup, -- a rude shleter of brush covered with leaves or grass.  Riding up to a large flat boulder, we dismounted and the old Chief, pointing to the shade of a tree behind the stone, said 'thi-cow-ah,' my home."

from "Making Peace With Cochise", the journal of Captain Joseph Alton Sladen -- edited by Edwin R. Sweeney
 


"We stopped by a large flat boulder under the shade of a tree.  Cochise said, 'Shi-cowah' -- 'My home'. 

General Otis Oliver Howard, from his 1872 article published by the Washington Daily Morning Chronicle.
 

     The campsite referred to in the above quotes is the same site in which can be found the "big rock" that Alice Rollins Crane photographed (in the company of Tom Jeffords) in 1895.   However, the "flat boulder" and the "big rock" are not one in the same, even though Sladen seems to confuse the two in his letter to Alice Rollins Crane, dated October 26, 1896.  In the letter he is expanding from memory (or so it seems) the journal entries that he had written down in skeletal form twenty-four years previously.  Certain statements that he makes in the letter simply do not jibe with the layout of the campsite -- but this problem arises only when he makes mention of the boulder(s).  Both he and Howard describe the rock in front of Cochise's domicile as a "flat boulder".  Sladen, when he is focusing on their first arrival at Cochise's camp, tells us that they rode up to the rock (a phrase also used by Howard), and in his letter to Crane further describes this flat boulder as being "four or five in height and as broad across the top".  In the very same paragraph he further characterizes this rock as being Cochise's favorite place to sit and while away idle time, using the following verbiage:
 

     " . . . though, during all of his waking hours he spent his time on the top of the rock referred to, where he could not only command with his eye his entire camp, but could also see far off into the distance down the slope that led to the west and up the gradual rise to the mountains on the other side of the San Pedro.  Indeed, from no direction available could any one approach the camp without being seen from this rock long before they could approach close to it.  It was to the old chief a sort of a throne, and he looked a very monarch as he sat there with his long sheet gathered about him like a robe of state."

     The problem with Sladen's description in the letter to Crane is that the flat boulder (four or five feet high) actually sits BEHIND the big rock and is quite distinct in the campsite -- there is really very little doubt as to which rock both Sladen and Howard were referring to.  This rock however does not command much of a view of the camp, and even less of the surrounding vistas.  However, the "big rock" that looms so high in Crane's photo most definitely provides an awesome view of both areas.  The two rocks are not separated by more than thirty feet.  While it cannot be said with certainty, I think there is good cause to believe Sladen's memory confused these two rocks and merged them into one.  It is a minor detail, to be sure, but it comes into play when one tries to confirm the layout of the campsite from the writings left by Howard and Sladen (unfortunately for all of us, Jeffords seems to have lived out the rest of his life without writing a detailed narrative of this most important peace mission, though he clearly thought it important enough to personally guide several parties back there in the years following the reservation's closure).

COCHISE'S SHI-COW-AH

     The descriptions of Cochise's actual domicile, or "shi-cow-ah", are not so easy to pin down, however.  Both Howard and Sladen place this spot very near the flat boulder.  Both agree there was a tree providing shade.  Of course we cannot identify any location at the camp using descriptions of foliage as a lot has changed since 1872 with respect to trees and shrubs.  Howard's 1872 newspaper article gives us the most detailed description:
 

     "It consisted of sandstone rock, twenty feet high, having one perpendicular side, and near it a large-sized scruboak.  One or two boughs had been cut and laid up against the tree to thicken the shade -- being the only artificial work about his house.  A place for sleeping, a little longer than a man, was hollowed out in the ground.  So much for the house.  The furniture consisted of two or three buckskins, tanned with the hair on them; two or three blankets, long used; some bows and arrows, a rifle, and two or three saddles and bridles; an 'ollo', a kind of earthen jar for water; a little water-proof basket, two or three knives, and one small tin pail to make coffee in.  The provisions on hand hung upon a branch of the oak - some fresh deer meat and some jerked venison, either deer or antelope.  They had also mescal and a seed resembling that of the pumpkin, but smaller, for which I learned no name.  I forgot to mention a pile of Indian horse-shoes.  When Cochise moves he ties on these shoes, made of thick hide, with the hair down, and when he halts he takes them off.  They are only used for horses with tender feet, and generally on the fore feet only."

     Sladen, in the letter to Crane of 1896, while relating a particular incident involving Cochise's wife, tells us in no uncertain terms that this house of the Chiefs' was situated behind the "big rock" -- which I take to be the one in Crane's photo:
 

     "Soon after we got back to camp after our visit to the top of the mountain, Cochise's wife called me to their domicile behind the big rock, and there Cochise, Jeffords and myself sat down to a meal prepared by the women."

     Howard's excellent description reveals that this domicile must have been fairly spacious, and I believe there is validity in thinking that the entire area "behind the big rock" (meaning between the rock and the slopes of the mountain, which rise almost vertically as you get close to the mountain) could be considered Cochise's shi-cow-ah.  The spot where he slept will probably never be determined with any certainty, but there is a small and nearly hidden recess directly behind the big rock in which can be found a tiny fire ring that is an excellent candidate for, at least, the site of Dos-Teh-Seh's cooking fire on the occasion just mentioned!  The charcoal in this miniature pit looks to be very old and smoke stains on the rocks in the little alcove have obviously been there a very long time.  There is also a place right by this pit that looks like it may have been partly dug out, and is a little longer than the length of a man.

     It is truly tempting, and rewarding as well, to let one's imagination run free while sitting in this protected recess behind the big rock.  Could Cochise have slept here?  Could this be at least part of the shi-cow-ah described by Howard and Sladen?  The answer is "almost without a doubt", to my way of thinking.  We know the camp was on this spot -- we know the big rock was an extremely important part of it and probably it's centerpiece.  The fire ring, if indeed it is old enough, was almost certainly used while they were there -- and to think that Cochise did not at some time or other wander into this most inviting recess and spend some refreshing time in the ample shade would seem quite silly indeed.
 

BOOKSTORE
THE LAND
THE PEOPLE
COCHISE
BROKEN ARROW
COCHISE IN
THE MOVIES
VIDEOS
COCHISE'S CAMP
REDISCOVERED

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